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What is FMD? |
History and geography |
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European history and distribution |
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Within Europe, FMD was eradicated by a combination of 'stamping out' and vaccination. The introduction of compulsory, mass, annual vaccination of cattle (during the 1950's and 1960's) dramatically reduced the incidence of the disease such that during 1990 no outbreaks were recorded within Europe. Vaccination of cattle against FMD within the EU, and most of continental Europe, ceased during 1990-91. This has left a large population of fully susceptible livestock and repeated incursions of Middle Eastern strains of FMD have been recorded since the cessation of vaccination (Bulgaria 1993 and 1996, Italy 1993, Greece 1994 and 1996, Turkey (Thrace) 1995) which have all been successfully eradicated by 'stamping out' without recourse to vaccination. |
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